I thought the old way of uploading images (using the "Upload" link to go to a file manager page) was a bit awkward, particularly on mobile. So, there's a new single step way to do this.
On all the pages where you create or edit a post, you will now see a new "Insert Image" control.
To insert an image, just press "Browse," locate your image in the Windows (or iOS, or Android, etc.) dialog that opens up, double-click it, and it will be inserted into your post at the last place your cursor was located.
The image goes to the same place as images have been going. So, if you want to delete it, or reuse it without another copy of the image, you can still find the image in "Uploads."